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$FreeBSD$ This tool generates raw 802.11 frames. The resulting frame will depend on the capabilities of the hardware. Some hardware mangles the 802.11 header [e.g. wi] other hardware does not [e.g. ath]. This tool does not deal with layers above 802.11. A payload from a file must be supplied if, for example, IP data needs to be sent. Refer to the usage for a complete list of options. Here, the most relevant will be described. There are three types of switches: physical layer Physical parameters for transmission [such as iface and chan]. 802.11 header Fields in the 802.11 header. 802.11 body The payload of the 802.11 frame. This includes management information elements. Interesting physical layer options. ----------------------------------- -i The network interface to use to TX; defaults to ath0. -c The channel to TX on; defaults to 1. -N Mark transmitted frames such that no ACK is expected. In practice, this will disable any retransmission done by the card. This way, you are sure that a single copy of your packet will be TXed. -V Verify that the packet you TXed did indeed fly in the air as expected. This is done by sniffing on a second network interface and comparing the received frame to what was sent. This option is especially useful because some cards mangle 802.11 header fields such as duration and fragment numbers. -W The WME AC to use for transmission. Symbolic names are used: ac_be, be best effort ac_bk, bk background ac_vi, vi video ac_vo, vo voice -X The rate to use for transmission; defaults to 1Mbps. -P The txpower to use; defaults to the maximum permitted by the driver. Interesting 802.11 header options. ---------------------------------- -t The 802.11 frame type. Symbolic names are: mgt Management frame ctl Control frame data Data frame Otherwise the numerical type must be supplied. -s The 802.11 frame subtype. At this point, the length of the 802.11 header will be calculated. Symbolic names are: preq, probereq Probe Request auth Authenticate areq, assocreq Association Request data Data Otherwise the numerical subtype must be supplied. -4 The 4th MAC addr used for WDS. Make sure you specify this before -s so the header length is calculated correctly. -l Override the length of the packet. This is useful for sending truncated packets. -b Specify a file which will be used as a payload inside the 802.11 frame. The length should be calculated automatically correctly. Interesting 802.11 payload options. ----------------------------------- This is mainly used for management frames. For data frames, -b would typically be used. -e Add an information element. You can supply multiple -e options, but make sure you add them in the expected order. The format of the information element is a list of 2 digit hex numbers. That is, 010203... The first hexdigit is the type of the IE. Therefore, 00616161 should correspond to the SSID IE of 'aaa'. The length is calculated automatically---you do not need to supply it. -S Add an SSID IE with the data specified in ascii; e.g. -S 'aaa' is the equivalent of -e 0061616161. -R Add an IE of 11b supported rates. Examples: --------- wlaninject -t data -s data -i ral0 -V ath0 -m -n 1 -f 1 Transmit a data frame on ral0 and verify the transmission on ath0. The frame is sent with sequence number 1, fragment number 1, and the MoreFrag bit marked in the 802.11 header.
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