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daemon.8
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daemon.c
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Editing: daemon.8
.\" Copyright (c) 1999 Berkeley Software Design, Inc. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. Berkeley Software Design Inc's name may not be used to endorse or .\" promote products derived from this software without specific prior .\" written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" .Dd January 14, 2021 .Dt DAEMON 8 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm daemon .Nd run detached from the controlling terminal .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl cfHrS .Op Fl p Ar child_pidfile .Op Fl P Ar supervisor_pidfile .Op Fl t Ar title .Op Fl u Ar user .Op Fl m Ar output_mask .Op Fl o Ar output_file .Op Fl s Ar syslog_priority .Op Fl T Ar syslog_tag .Op Fl l Ar syslog_facility .Op Fl R Ar restart_delay_seconds .Ar command arguments ... .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility detaches itself from the controlling terminal and executes the program specified by its arguments. Privileges may be lowered to the specified user. The output of the daemonized process may be redirected to syslog and to a log file. .Pp The options are as follows: .Bl -tag -width indent .It Fl c Change the current working directory to the root .Pq Dq Pa / . .It Fl f Redirect standard input, standard output and standard error to .Pa /dev/null . When this option is used together with any of the options related to file or syslog output, the standard file descriptors are first redirected to .Pa /dev/null , then stdout and/or stderr is redirected to a file or to syslog as specified by the other options. .It Fl H Close .Pa output_file and re-open it when signal SIGHUP is received, for interoperability with .Xr newsyslog 1 and similar log rotation / archival mechanisms. If .Fl o is not specified, this flag is ignored. .It Fl S Enable syslog output. This is implicitly applied if other syslog parameters are provided. The default values are daemon, notice, and daemon for facility, priority, and tag, respectively. .It Fl o Ar output_file Append output from the daemonized process to .Pa output_file . If the file does not exist, it is created with permissions 0600. When this option is used together with options .Fl c and .Fl H the absolute path needs to be provided to ensure .Nm can re-open the file after a SIGHUP. .It Fl m Ar output_mask Redirect output from the child process stdout (1), stderr (2), or both (3). This value specifies what is sent to syslog and the log file. The default is 3. .It Fl p Ar child_pidfile Write the ID of the created process into the .Ar child_pidfile using the .Xr pidfile 3 functionality. The program is executed in a spawned child process while the .Nm waits until it terminates to keep the .Ar child_pidfile locked and removes it after the process exits. The .Ar child_pidfile owner is the user who runs the .Nm regardless of whether the .Fl u option is used or not. .It Fl P Ar supervisor_pidfile Write the ID of the .Nm process into the .Ar supervisor_pidfile using the .Xr pidfile 3 functionality. The program is executed in a spawned child process while the .Nm waits until it terminates to keep the .Ar supervisor_pidfile locked and removes it after the process exits. The .Ar supervisor_pidfile owner is the user who runs the .Nm regardless of whether the .Fl u option is used or not. .It Fl r Supervise and restart the program after a one-second delay if it has been terminated. .It Fl R Ar restart_delay_seconds Supervise and restart the program after the specified delay if it has been terminated. .It Fl t Ar title Set the title for the daemon process. The default is the daemonized invocation. .It Fl u Ar user Login name of the user to execute the program under. Requires adequate superuser privileges. .It Fl s Ar syslog_priority These priorities are accepted: emerg, alert, crit, err, warning, notice, info, and debug. The default is notice. .It Fl l Ar syslog_facility These facilities are accepted: auth, authpriv, console, cron, daemon, ftp, kern, lpr, mail, news, ntp, security, syslog, user, uucp, and local0, ..., local7. The default is daemon. .It Fl T Ar syslog_tag Set the tag which is appended to all syslog messages. The default is daemon. .El .Pp If any of the options .Fl p , .Fl P , .Fl r , .Fl o , .Fl s , .Fl T , .Fl m , .Fl S , or .Fl l are specified, the program is executed in a spawned child process. The .Nm waits until it terminates to keep the pid file(s) locked and removes them after the process exits or restarts the program. In this case if the monitoring .Nm receives software termination signal (SIGTERM) it forwards it to the spawned process. Normally it will cause the child to exit, remove the pidfile(s) and then terminate. .Pp If neither file or syslog output are selected, all output is redirected to the .Nm process and written to stdout. The .Fl f option may be used to suppress the stdout output completely. .Pp The .Fl P option is useful combined with the .Fl r option as .Ar supervisor_pidfile contains the ID of the supervisor not the child. This is especially important if you use .Fl r in an rc script as the .Fl p option will give you the child's ID to signal when you attempt to stop the service, causing .Nm to restart the child. .Sh EXIT STATUS The .Nm utility exits 1 if an error is returned by the .Xr daemon 3 library routine, 2 if .Ar child_pidfile or .Ar supervisor_pidfile is requested, but cannot be opened, 3 if process is already running (pidfile exists and is locked), 4 if .Ar syslog_priority is not accepted, 5 if .Ar syslog_facility is not accepted, 6 if .Ar output_mask is not within the accepted range, 7 if .Ar output_file cannot be opened for appending, and otherwise 0. .Sh DIAGNOSTICS If the command cannot be executed, an error message is printed to standard error. The exact behavior depends on the logging parameters and the .Fl f flag. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr nohup 1 , .Xr setregid 2 , .Xr setreuid 2 , .Xr daemon 3 , .Xr exec 3 , .Xr pidfile 3 , .Xr termios 4 , .Xr tty 4 .Sh HISTORY The .Nm utility first appeared in .Fx 4.7 .
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