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Editing: du.1
.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)du.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/1/94 .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" .Dd August 1, 2019 .Dt DU 1 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm du .Nd display disk usage statistics .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl Aclnx .Op Fl H | L | P .Op Fl g | h | k | m .Op Fl a | s | d Ar depth .Op Fl B Ar blocksize .Op Fl I Ar mask .Op Fl t Ar threshold .Op Ar .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility displays the file system block usage for each file argument and for each directory in the file hierarchy rooted in each directory argument. If no file is specified, the block usage of the hierarchy rooted in the current directory is displayed. .Pp The options are as follows: .Bl -tag -width indent .It Fl A Display the apparent size instead of the disk usage. This can be helpful when operating on compressed volumes or sparse files. .It Fl B Ar blocksize Calculate block counts in .Ar blocksize byte blocks. This is different from the .Fl h , k , m , .Fl Fl si and .Fl g options or setting .Ev BLOCKSIZE and gives an estimate of how much space the examined file hierarchy would require on a filesystem with the given .Ar blocksize . Unless in .Fl A mode, .Ar blocksize is rounded up to the next multiple of 512. .It Fl H Symbolic links on the command line are followed, symbolic links in file hierarchies are not followed. .It Fl I Ar mask Ignore files and directories matching the specified .Ar mask . .It Fl L Symbolic links on the command line and in file hierarchies are followed. .It Fl P No symbolic links are followed. This is the default. .It Fl a Display an entry for each file in a file hierarchy. .It Fl c Display a grand total. .It Fl d Ar depth Display an entry for all files and directories .Ar depth directories deep. .It Fl g Display block counts in 1073741824-byte (1 GiB) blocks. .It Fl h .Dq Human-readable output. Use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte and Petabyte based on powers of 1024. .It Fl k Display block counts in 1024-byte (1 kiB) blocks. .It Fl l If a file has multiple hard links, count its size multiple times. The default behavior of .Nm is to count files with multiple hard links only once. When the .Fl l option is specified, the hard link checks are disabled, and these files are counted (and displayed) as many times as they are found. .It Fl m Display block counts in 1048576-byte (1 MiB) blocks. .It Fl n Ignore files and directories with user .Dq nodump flag .Pq Dv UF_NODUMP set. .It Fl r Generate messages about directories that cannot be read, files that cannot be opened, and so on. This is the default case. This option exists solely for conformance with .St -xpg4 . .It Fl s Display an entry for each specified file. (Equivalent to .Fl d Li 0 ) .It Fl Fl si .Dq Human-readable output. Use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte and Petabyte based on powers of 1000. .It Fl t Ar threshold Display only entries for which size exceeds .Ar threshold . If .Ar threshold is negative, display only entries for which size is less than the absolute value of .Ar threshold . .It Fl x File system mount points are not traversed. .El .Pp The .Nm utility counts the storage used by symbolic links and not the files they reference unless the .Fl H or .Fl L option is specified. If either the .Fl H or .Fl L option is specified, storage used by any symbolic links which are followed is not counted (or displayed). The .Fl H , .Fl L and .Fl P options override each other and the command's actions are determined by the last one specified. .Pp The .Fl h , k , m and .Fl Fl si options all override each other; the last one specified determines the block counts used. .Sh ENVIRONMENT .Bl -tag -width BLOCKSIZE .It Ev BLOCKSIZE If the environment variable .Ev BLOCKSIZE is set, and the .Fl h , k , m or .Fl Fl si options are not specified, the block counts will be displayed in units of that block size. If .Ev BLOCKSIZE is not set, and the .Fl h , k , m or .Fl Fl si options are not specified, the block counts will be displayed in 512-byte blocks. .El .Sh EXAMPLES Show disk usage for all files in the current directory. Output is in human-readable form: .Pp .Dl # du -ah .Pp Summarize disk usage in the current directory: .Pp .Dl # du -hs .Pp Summarize disk usage for a specific directory: .Pp .Dl # du -hs /home .Pp Show name and size of all C files in a specific directory. Also display a grand total at the end: .Pp .Dl # du -ch /usr/src/sys/kern/*.c .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr df 1 , .Xr chflags 2 , .Xr fts 3 , .Xr symlink 7 , .Xr quot 8 .Sh STANDARDS The .Nm utility is compliant with the .St -p1003.1-2008 specification. .Pp The flags .Op Fl cdhP , as well as the .Ev BLOCKSIZE environment variable, are extensions to that specification. .Pp The flag .Op Fl r is accepted but ignored, for compatibility with systems implementing the obsolete .St -xcu5 standard. .Sh HISTORY The .Nm utility and its .Fl a and .Fl s options first appeared in .At v1 . .Pp The .Fl r option first appeared in .At III and is available since .Fx 3.5 . The .Fl k and .Fl x options first appeared in .Bx 4.3 Reno and .Fl H in .Bx 4.4 . The .Fl c and .Fl L options first appeared in the GNU fileutils; .Fl L and .Fl P are available since .Bx 4.4 Lite1 , .Fl c since .Fx 2.2.6 . The .Fl d option first appeared in .Fx 2.2 , .Fl h first appeared in .Fx 4.0 . .Sh AUTHORS .An -nosplit This version of .Nm was written by .An Chris Newcomb for .Bx 4.3 Reno in 1989.
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