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Editing: opieftpd.8
.\" opieftpd.8: Manual page describing the FTP daemon. .\" .\" %%% portions-copyright-cmetz-98 .\" Portions of this software are Copyright 1998-1999 by Craig Metz, All Rights .\" Reserved. The Inner Net License Version 2 applies to these portions of .\" the software. .\" You should have received a copy of the license with this software. If .\" you didn't get a copy, you may request one from <license@inner.net>. .\" .\" .\" Portions of this software are Copyright 1995 by Randall Atkinson and Dan .\" McDonald, All Rights Reserved. All Rights under this copyright are assigned .\" to the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The NRL Copyright Notice and .\" License Agreement applies to this software. .\" .\" History: .\" .\" Modified by cmetz for OPIE 2.4. Document -u option. .\" Modified at NRL for OPIE 2.0. .\" Originally from BSD. .\" .\" NOTE: .\" .\" This manual page uses the BSD >= Net/2 "mandoc" macros and may not .\" format properly on all systems. .\" .\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1988, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. .\" All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software .\" must display the following acknowledgement: .\" This product includes software developed by the University of .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)opieopieftpd.8 6.9 (Berkeley) 3/16/91 .\" .TH OPIEFTPD 8 "10 January 1995" .SH NAME opieftpd \- File Transfer Protocol server that uses OPIE authentication .SH SYNOPSIS .B opieftpd [\-d] [\-l] [\-t .I timeout ] [\-T .I maxtimeout ] [\-u .I umask ] .SH DESCRIPTION .I opieftpd is the Internet File Transfer Protocol server process. The server uses the TCP protocol and listens at the port specified in the ftp service specification; see .IR services (5). .SH OPTIONS .TP .B \-d Debugging information is written to the system logs. .TP .B \-l Each .IR ftp (1) session is logged in the system logs. .TP .B \-t The inactivity timeout period is set to .I timeout seconds (the default is 15 minutes). .TP .B \-T A client may also request a different timeout period; the maximum period allowed may be set to .I maxtimeout seconds with the .B \-T option. The default limit is 2 hours. .B \-u Set the default umask value to .I umask. .SH COMMANDS The ftp server currently supports the following ftp requests; case is not distinguished: .PP .nf .ta \w'Request 'u Request Description ABOR abort previous command ACCT specify account (ignored) ALLO allocate storage (vacuously) APPE append to a file CDUP change to parent of current working directory CWD change working directory DELE delete a file HELP give help information LIST give a list of files in a directory MKD make a directory MDTM show last modification time of file MODE specify data transfer mode NLST give name list of files in directory NOOP do nothing PASS specify password PASV prepare for server-to-server transfer PORT specify data connection port PWD print the current working directory QUIT terminate session REST restart incomplete transfer RETR retrieve a file RMD remove a directory RNFR specify rename-from file name RNTO specify rename-to file name SITE non-standard commands (see next section) SIZE return size of file STAT return status of server STOR store a file STOU store a file with a unique name STRU specify data transfer structure SYST show operating system type of server system TYPE specify data transfer type USER specify user name XCUP change to parent of current working directory (deprecated) XCWD change working directory (deprecated) XMKD make a directory (deprecated) XPWD print the current working directory (deprecated) XRMD remove a directory (deprecated) .fi The following non-standard or UNIX-specific commands are supported by the SITE request: .PP .nf .ta \w'Request 'u Request Description UMASK change umask (e.g. SITE UMASK 002) IDLE set idle-timer (e.g. SITE IDLE 60) CHMOD change mode of a file (e.g. SITE CHMOD 755 file) HELP give help information (e.g. SITE HELP) .fi .sp The remaining ftp requests specified in Internet RFC-959 are recognized, but not implemented. .sp MDTM and SIZE are not specified in RFC-959, but will appear in the next updated FTP RFC. The ftp server will abort an active file transfer only when the ABOR command is preceded by a Telnet "Interrupt Process" (IP) signal and a Telnet "Synch" signal in the command Telnet stream, as described in Internet RFC-959. If a STAT command is received during a data transfer, preceded by a Telnet IP and Synch, transfer status will be returned. .I opieftpd interprets file names according to the globbing conventions used by .IR csh (1). This allows users to utilize the metacharacters \&*?[]{}~. .sp .I opieftpd authenticates users according to three rules: .sp The user name must be in the password data base, .I /etc/passwd, and not have a null password. In this case, a password must be provided by the client before any file operations may be performed. .sp The user name must not appear in the file .I /etc/ftpusers. .sp The user must have a standard shell returned by .IR getusershell (3). .sp If the user name is .I anonymous or .I ftp, an anonymous ftp account must be present in the password file (user .I ftp ). In this case, the user is allowed to log in by specifying any password (by convention, this is given as the client host's name). In the last case, .I opieftpd takes special measures to restrict the client's access privileges. The server performs a .IR chroot (2) command to the home directory of the .I ftp user. In order that system security is not breached, it is recommended that the .I ftp subtree be constructed with care; the following rules are recommended: .sp .TP .B ~ftp Make the home directory owned by .I ftp and unwritable by anyone. .TP .B ~ftp/bin Make this directory owned by the super-user and unwritable by anyone. The program .IR ls (1) must be present to support the LIST command. This program should have mode 111. .TP .B ~ftp/etc Make this directory owned by the super-user and unwritable by anyone. The files .IR passwd (5) and .IR group (5) must be present for the .IR ls (1) command to be able to produce owner names rather than numbers. The password field in .I passwd is not used, and should not contain real encrypted passwords. These files should be mode 444. .TP .B ~ftp/pub Make this directory mode 777 and owned by .I ftp. Users should then place files which are to be accessible via the anonymous account in this directory. .SH SEE ALSO .BR ftpd (8), .BR ftp (1), .BR opie (4), .BR opiekey (1), .BR opiepasswd (1), .BR opieinfo (1), .BR opiesu (1), .BR opieftpd (8), .BR opiekeys (5), .BR opieaccess (5) .SH BUGS The anonymous account is inherently dangerous and should avoided when possible. In .I opieftpd, it is a compile-time option that should be disabled if it is not being used. The server must run as the super-user to create sockets with privileged port numbers. It maintains an effective user id of the logged in user, reverting to the super-user only when binding addresses to sockets. The possible security holes have been scrutinized, but are possibly incomplete. .SH HISTORY The .I ftpd command appeared in 4.2BSD. .SH AUTHOR Originally written for BSD, .I ftpd was modified at NRL by Randall Atkinson, Dan McDonald, and Craig Metz to support OTP authentication. .SH CONTACT OPIE is discussed on the Bellcore "S/Key Users" mailing list. To join, send an email request to: .sp skey-users-request@thumper.bellcore.com
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